[1]
Bickerstaff ER.,Cloake PC.: Mesencephalitis and rhombencephalitis.
Br Med J 1951; 2: 77–81.
[2]
Fisher M.: An unusual variant of acute idiopathic polyneuritis (syndrome of
ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia). N Engl J Med 1956; 255: 57–65.
[3]
Puma A., Benoit J., Sacconi S., et al.: Miller Fisher syndrome, Bickerstaff
brainstem encephalitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome overlap with persistent
non-demyelinating conduction blocks: a case report. BMC Neurology 2018
Jul 21; 18:101. doi: 10.1186/s12883-018-1104-6.
[4]
Ito M., Kuwabara S., Odaka M., et al.: Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis
and Fisher syndrome form a continuous spectrum: Clinical analysis of 581
cases. Journal of Neurology 2008; 255:674–682. Doi: 10.1007/s00415-
008-0775-0.
[5]
Yuki N., Wakabayashi K., Yamada M., et al.: Overlap of Guillain-Barre
syndrome and Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis. Journal of Neurology
Sci 1997;1 45: 119–121. PMID: 9073040.
[6]
Koga M., Kusunoki S., Kaida K., et al.: Nationwide survey of patients
in Japan with Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis: epidemiological and
clinical characteristics. Journal of Neurology Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2012; 83: 1210–1215.
[7]
Shahrizaila N., Yuki N.: Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis and Fisher
syndrome: anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome. Journal of Neurology
Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013; 84: 576–583.
[8]
Hussain A.M., Flint N.J., Livsey S.A.,et al.: Bickerstaff’s brainstem
encephalitis related to Campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis. J. Clin.
Pathol. 2007; 60: 1161–1162.
[9]
Steer AC., Starr M., Kornberg AJ.: Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis
Associated With Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection. J. Child Neurology
2006; 21: 533–534. Doi: 10.1177/08830738060210061401.
[10]
Ito M., Kuwabara S., Odaka M., et al.: Bickerstaff’s brainstem
encephalitis and Fisher syndrome form a continuous spectrum: Clinical
analysis of 581 cases. Journal of Neurology 2008; 255: 674–682. Doi:
10.1007/s00415-008-0775-0.
[11]
Koga M., Gilbert M., Li J., et al.: Antecedent infections in Fisher
syndrome: a common pathogenesis of molecular mimicry. Neurology
2005; 64: 1605–1611.
[12]
Wakerley BR., Yuki N.: Infectious and noninfectious triggers in Guillain-
Barré syndrome. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2013; 9: 627–639.
[13]
Yuki N.: Fisher syndrome and Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (Fisher-
Bickerstaff syndrome). J Neuroimmunology 2009; 215: 1–9.
[14]
Liu JX.,Willison HJ., Pedrosa-Domellof F.: Immunolocalization of GQ1b
and related gangliosides in human extraocular neuromuscular junctions
and muscle spindles. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50: 3226–3232.
[15]
Fisher M.:An unusual variant of acute idiopathic polyneuritis (syndrome of
ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia). N Engl J Med 1956; 255: 57–65.
[16]
Wu L., Wu WP., Huang DH., et al.: Clinical presentations and differential
diagnosis of Miller-Fisher syndrome and Bickerstaff brainstem
encephalitis. J Clin Neurology 2007; 20: 84–86.
[17]
Ito M., Matsuno K., Sakumoto Y., et al.: Ataxic Guillain-Barré syndrome
and acute sensory ataxic neuropathy form a continuous spectrum.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2011; 82: 294–299.
[18]
Uncini A., Manzoli C., Notturno F., et al.: Pitfalls in electrodiagnosis of
Guillain-Barré syndrome subtypes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2010;
81: 1157–1163.
[19]
Falini A., Kesavadas C., Pontesilli S., et al.: Differential diagnosis of
posterior fossa multiple sclerosis lesions-neuroradiological aspects.
Neurol Sci. 2001 Nov22 Suppl 2: 79–83.
[20]
Wakerley BR., Yuki N.: Mimics and chameleons in Guillain-Barre and
Miller Fisher syndromes; Practical Neurology 2015; 15: 90–99.
[21]
Overell JR., Hsieh ST., Odaka M., et al.: Treatment for Fisher syndrome,
Bickerstaff›s brainstem encephalitis and related disorders. Cochrane
Database Syst Rev 2007; CD004761.
[22]
Mori M., Kuwabara S., Fukutake T., et al.: Intravenous immunoglobulin
therapy for Miller Fisher syndrome. Neurology 2007; 68: 1144 –1146.
[23]
Hughes RAC., Swan AV., Raphael JC., et al.: Immunotherapy for Guillain-
Barré syndrome: a systematic review. Brain 2007; 130: 2245–2257.
[24]
Lünemann JD., Nimmerjahn F., Dalakas MC.: Intravenous immunoglobulin
in neurologymode of action and clinical efficacy. Nat Rev Neurology
2015; 11: 80–89. Doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.253.
[25]
Rho Y Il.: Overlapping Guillain-Barré syndrome and Bickerstaff’s
brainstem encephalitis associated with Epstein Barr virus. Korean
J Pediatr 2014; 57: 457–460. Doi: 10.3345/kjp.2014.57.10.457.
[26]
Zhuo XW., Ding CH., Li JW., et al.: Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. Clinical
features of 19 children with Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis 2019;57:
363–367. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.05.009. Chinese.
PMID:31060129
[27]
Santoro J. D.: Long-term Sequelae of Pediatric Bickerstaff Brainstem
Encephalitis Includes Autonomic and Sleep Dysregulation. Journal of
Child Neurology 2019; 34: 153–160.
088307381882048. doi:10.1177/0883073818820488
[28]
Chamsi Basha A., Kolko N., Santoro J. D., et al.: A Probable Case of
Recurrent Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis With Fulminant Course
in a Pediatric Patient. The Neurologist, 2020; 25: 14–16. doi:10.1097/
nrl.0000000000000255
[29]
Odaka M., Yuki N., Yamada M., et al.: Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis:
clinical features of 62 cases and a subgroup associated with Guillain-Barré
syndrome. Brain. 2003 Oct ;126(Pt 10):2279-2290. Epub 2003 Jul 7.
[30]
Matsuo M., Odaka M., Koga M., et al.: Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis
associated with IgM antibodies to GM1b and GalNAc-GDla.
J Neurol Sci 2004; 217: 225.
, Ewa Tonia-Cwynar
Scholar Google
PubMed